Autism

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by challenges in social interaction, communication, and restricted or repetitive behaviors. Individuals with autism often experience a wide range of symptoms and severity, leading to the term "spectrum." In higher education settings, students with autism may face unique challenges that affect their academic, social, and emotional experiences. These challenges can include difficulties with socializing and forming connections with peers, navigating the sensory environment of a college campus, managing academic workload and organizational skills, as well as coping with transitions and changes in routine. Despite these challenges, many students with autism excel academically, leveraging their strengths in areas such as attention to detail, logical thinking, and specialized interests.
By recognizing the diverse strengths and challenges of individuals with autism and offering appropriate support, NDSU can create an environment where these students can thrive academically and socially.

Effects in the Classroom

Social Interaction Challenges: Students with autism may struggle with social interactions and communication in the classroom, hindering their ability to participate in discussions, collaborate on group projects, and seek assistance from professors.
Difficulty Interpreting Non-Verbal Cues: Understanding non-verbal cues such as facial expressions and body language can be challenging for individuals with autism, affecting their comprehension of classroom dynamics and social norms.
Sensory Sensitivities: Sensory sensitivities can disrupt a student's ability to focus and concentrate in a classroom environment. Bright lights, loud noises, crowded spaces, and certain textures of materials can be overwhelming and distracting.
Executive Functioning Challenges: Difficulties with organization, time management, and executive functioning skills may make it hard for students with autism to keep up with assignments, deadlines, and the overall pace of the academic curriculum.
Increased Stress and Anxiety: The combination of social, sensory, and executive functioning challenges can contribute to heightened levels of stress and anxiety for students with autism in higher education settings, impacting their academic performance and overall well-being.

How Faculty Can Support Students with Autism

Faculty members play a crucial role in supporting students with autism in the classroom. Here are several ways they can help:
Understanding and Awareness: Faculty members can educate themselves about autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to better understand the challenges students with autism may face. Increased awareness can help faculty recognize and empathize with the unique experiences of these students.
Flexibility with Communication: Providing multiple channels for communication, such as email, office hours, and alternative means of participation in class discussions, can accommodate students' varying communication preferences and alleviate potential barriers.
Clear and Structured Instructions: Offering clear, concise instructions for assignments and expectations can assist students with autism in understanding tasks and navigating coursework. Breaking down complex tasks into manageable steps can also enhance comprehension and execution.
Sensory Considerations: Creating a sensory-friendly classroom environment by minimizing distractions, offering seating options, and providing advance notice of any changes or disruptions to routines can help students with autism feel more comfortable and focused.
Accommodations and Flexibility: Working with the Center for Accessibility and Disability Resources to implement appropriate accommodations, such as extended time for exams, quiet testing environments, or note-taking assistance, can support students with autism in managing academic demands.
Encouragement of Special Interests: Acknowledging and incorporating students' special interests into coursework or projects can foster engagement and motivation, leveraging their strengths and enhancing learning experiences.
Peer Support and Collaboration: Encouraging peer support networks, study groups, or collaborative learning activities can provide students with autism opportunities for social interaction and skill development in a supportive environment.
Regular Check-Ins and Feedback: Regularly checking in with students to offer feedback, address concerns, and provide encouragement can promote a sense of belonging and confidence in their academic journey.