North Dakota State University

Scientific Publications:

Refereed Journal articles 

Corn nitrogen rate recommendation tools' performance across eight US midwest corn belt states. 2020 Curtis J. Ransom, Newell R. Kitchen, James J. Camberato, Paul R. Carter, Richard B. Ferguson, Fabián G. Fernández, David W. franzen, Carrie A.M. Laboski, Emerson D. Nafziger, John E. Sawyer, Peter C. Scharf, John F. Shanahan. Agronomy Journal 112:470-492.

D. Franzen, P. Inglett, C. Gasch. 2019 Asymbiotic Nitrogen Fixation is Greater in Soils under Long-term No-Till Versus Conventional Tillage. Soil Science Society of American Journal 83:1148-1152.

G. M. Bean,* N. R. Kitchen, J. J. Camberato, R. B. Ferguson, F. G. Fernandez, D. W. Franzen, C. A. M. Laboski, E. D. Nafziger, J. E. Sawyer, P. C. Scharf, J. Schepers, and J. S. Shanahan. 2018. Active-optical reflectance sensing corn algorithms evaluated over the United States Midwest Corn Belt. Agronomy Journal 110: 2552-2565.

G.M. Bean, N.R. Kitchen, J.J. Camberato, R.B. Ferguson, F.G. Fernandez, D.W. Franzen, C.A.M. Laboski, E.D. Nafziger, J.E. Sawyer, P.C. Scharf, J. Schepers, and J.S. Shanahan. 2018. Improving an Active-Optical Reflectance Sensor Algorithm Using Soil and Weather Information Agronomy Journal 110: 2541-2551.

M.A. Yost, K.S. Veum, N.R. Kitchen, J.E. Sawyer, J.J. Camberato, P.R. Carter, R.B. Ferguson, F.G. Fernández, D.W. Franzen, C.A. Laboski, and E.D. Nafziger. 2018. Evaluation of the Haney Soil Health Tool for corn nitrogen recommendations across eight Midwest states. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 73:587-592. doi:10/2489/jswc.73.5.587

Zhisheng Qin, D. Brenton Myers, Curtis J. Ransom, Newell R. Kitchen, Sang-Zi Liang, James J. Camberato, Paul R. Carter, Richard B. Ferguson, Fabian G. Fernandez, David W. Franzen, Carrie A.M. Laboski, Brad D. Malone, Emerson D. Nafziger, John E. Sawyer, and John F. Shanahan. 2018. Application of machine learning methodologies for predicting corn economic optimal nitrogen rate. Agronomy Journal 110:2596-2607. doi:10.2134/agronj2018.03.0222

Eric Schultz, Thomas DeSutter, Lakesh Sharma, Gregory Endres, Roger Ashley, Honggang Bu, Samuel Markell, Austin Kraklau and David Franzen. 2018. Response of Sunflower to Nitrogen and Phosphorus in North Dakota. Agronomy Journal 110:1-11

 Sodic soil reclamation potential of gypsum and biochar additions: Influence on physiochemical properties and soil respiration. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 48:1792-1803 

H. Bu, L.K. Sharma, A. Denton and D.W. Franzen 2017. Comparison of satellite imagery and ground based active optical sensors as yield predictors in sugar beet, spring wheat, corn and sunflower. Agronomy Journal 107:1-10.

D. Franzen, N Kitchen, K. Holland, J. Schepers, and W. Raun. 2016. Algorithms for in-season nutrient management in cereals. Agronomy Journal 108:1-7.

Franzen, D.W., L.K. Sharma, H. Bu, and A. Denton. 2016. Evidence for the ability of active-optical sensors to detect sulfur deficiency in corn. Agronomy Journal 108:1-5.

Sharma, L.K., Bu, D.W. Franzen, and A.Denton. 2016 Use of corn height measured with an acoustic sensor improves yield estimation with ground based active optical sensors.  Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 124:254-262

Bu, H., L. K. Sharma, A. Denton, and D. W. Franzen. 2016. Sugar Beet Yield and Quality Prediction at Multiple Harvest Dates Using Active-Optical Sensors. Agron. J. 108:273–284.

Sharma, L.K., Bu, and D.W. Franzen. 2016. Comparison of two ground-based active-optical sensors for in-season estimation of corn (Zea mays, L.) yield. Journal of Plant Nutrition 39:957-966

He, Y., T. Desutter, F. Casey, D. Clay, D. Franzen, and D. Steele. 2015. Field capacity water as influenced by Na and EC: Implications for subsurface drainage. Goederma 245-245:83-88.

Sharma, L. K., H. Bu, A. Denton, and D. W. Franzen, 2015. Active-Optical Sensors Using Red NDVI Compared to Red Edge NDVI for Prediction of Corn Grain Yield in North Dakota, U.S.A. Sensors. 15:27832-27853; doi:10.3390/s151127832.

Awale, R., A. Chatterjee, D. Franzen. 2013. Tillage and N-fertilizer influences on selected organic carbon fractions in a North Dakota silty clay soil. Soil & Tillage Res. 134:213–222.

Franzen, D., D. Long, A. Sims, J. Lamb, F. Casey, J. Staricka, M. Halvorson, V. Hofman. 2011. Evaluation of methods to determine residual soil nitrate zones across the northern Great Plains of the USA. Precision Agric. 12:594–606.

Gautam. R., S. Panigrahi, D. Franzen, and A. Sims. 2011.Residual soil nitrate prediction from imagery and non-imagery information using neural network technique. Biosystems Engineering.

Teboh, J. and D.W.Franzen. 2011. Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) potential to contribute solubilized soil phosphorus to subsequent crops. Comm. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 42:1544-1550.

Franzen, D., R. Jay Goos, R. J. Norman, T. W. Walker, T. L. Roberts, N. A. Slaton, G. Endres, R. Ashley, J. Staricka, and J. Lukach. 2011. Field And Laboratory Studies Comparing Nutrisphere-Nitrogen Urea With Urea In North Dakota, Arkansas, And Mississippi. J. of Plant Nutr. 34:1198–1222.

Franzen, D.W., G. Endres, R. Ashley, J. Staricka, J. Lukach, and K. McKay. 2011. Revising Nitrogen Recommendations for Wheat in Response to the Need for Support of Variable-Rate Nitrogen Application. J. of Agr. Sci. and Tech. A1:89-95.

Franzen, D.W., M. V. McMullen, and D. S. Mosset. 2008. Spring Wheat and Durum Yield and Disease Responses to Copper Fertilization of Mineral Soils. Agron. J. 100:371–375.

Franzen, D.W., T. Nanna, and W.A. Norvell. 2006. A survey of soil attributes in North Dakota by landscape position. Agron. J. 98: 1023-1029.

Franzen, D.W., J.H. O’Barr, and R.K. Zollinger. 2004. Influence of certain postemergence broadleaf herbicides on soybean stressed from iron deficiency chlorosis. Agron. J. 96:1357-1363.

Franzen, D.W. 2004. Delineating nitrogen management zones in a sugarbeet rotation using remote sensing- A review. J. Sugarbeet Res. 41:47-60.

D.W. Franzen, J.F. Giles, L.J. Reitmeier, A.J. Hapka, N.R. Cattanach, and A.C. Cattanach. 2004. Use of whole field research to change farm management practices. J. Nat. Resour. Life Sci. Educ. 33:161-165.

Hopkins, D.G. and D.W. Franzen. 2003. Argillic horizons in stratified drift: Luverne end moraine, eastern North Dakota. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 67:1790-1796.

Franzen, D.W., J.H. O’Barr, and R.K. Zollinger. 2003. Interaction of a foliar application of iron HEDTA and three postemergence broadleaf herbicides with soybeans stressed from chlorosis. J. Plant Nutr. 26:2365-2374.

Franzen, D.W., D.H. Hopkins, M.D. Sweeney, M.K. Ulmer, and A.D. Halvorson. 2002. Evaluation of soil survey scale for zone development of site-specific nitrogen management. Agron. J. 94:381-389

Kitchen, N.R., C.J. Snyder, D.W. Franzen, and W.J. Wiebold. 2002. Educational needs of precision agriculture. Prec. Agr. 3:341-351.

Franzen, D.W. and J.L. Richardson. 2000. Soil factors affecting iron chlorosis in the Red River Valley of North Dakota and Minnesota. J. of Plant Nutr. 23:67-78.

Franzen, D.W., V.L. Hofman, L.J. Cihacek, and L.J. Swenson. 1999. Soil nutrient relationships with topography as influenced by cropping. Prec. Agr. 1:167-183.

Franzen, D.W., L.J. Cihacek, V.L. Hofman, and L.J. Swenson. 1998. Topography-based sampling compared with grid sampling in the Northern Great Plains. J. of Prod. Agr.11:364-370.

Franzen, D.W. and T.R. Peck. 1997. Spatial variability of plant potassium levels. Comm in Soil and Plant Anal. 28:1081-1092.

Franzen, D.W. and T.R. Peck. 1995. Field soil sampling density for variable rate fertilization. J. of Prod. Agr. 8:568-574.

Franzen, D.W. and T.R. Peck. 1995. Spatial variability of plant calcium and magnesium levels before and after liming. Comm. in Soil Science and Plant Anal. 26:2263-2277.

Franzen, D.W. and T.R. Peck. 1995. Spatial variability of plant analysis phosphorus levels. Comm. in Soil Science and Plant Anal. 26:2929-2936.

Peer Reviewed Proceedings paper/book chapter

Franzen, D.W., L.K. Sharma, E.C. Schultz, H. Bu and A. Denton. 2019. Integrated approach for site-specific nitrogen management in North Dakota, USA. pp 525-530. In J.V. Stafford (ed.) Precision Agriculture '19. Proceedings papers for the 2019 12th European Precision Agriculture Conference, Montpellier, France. July 8-11, 2019.

Book Chapters

Franzen, D.W. 2006. Site-specific N management in sugarbeet. pp. 395-411. In Handbook of Precision Agriculture, Principles and Applications. A. Srivastava (ed.). Food Products Press. Binghamton, NY.

Franzen, D.W. 2007. Nitrogen management in sugarbeet using remote sensing and GIS. pp. 35-48. In GIS applications in agriculture. F. Pierce and D. Clay (ed.). CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.

Franzen, D. and C.A. Grant. 2008. Sulfur response based on crop, source, and landscape position. pp. 105-116. IN Sulfur: Missing Link Between Soils, Crops, and Nutrition. J. Jez (ed) Agronomy Monograph No. 50. ASA-CSSA-SSSA, Madision, WI.

Edited Publications

D.W. Franzen, and D. Long. 2006. Site-specific N application-the soil management factor. p. 166-172. In Proceedings of the 2006 Great Plains Soil Fertility Conference. A. Schlegel (ed). Vol. 11. 7-8 March, 2006, Denver, CO.

Franzen, D., N. Cattanach, and J. Giles. 2006. Avail and starter 10-34-0 on sugarbeet. p. 141-143. In 2005 Sugarbeet Research and Extension Reports. Vol. 36. Sugarbeet Res. and Ed. Bd. of MN and ND.

Franzen, D., N Cattanach, R. Utter, and J. Giles. 2006. Tillage system study-initial year. p. 144-148. In 2005 Sugarbeet Research and Extension Reports. Vol. 36. Sugarbeet Res. and Ed. Bd. of MN and ND.

Franzen, D.W., M. Anfirud, and P. Carson. 2005. Sugarbeet rooting depth. p. 105-108. In 2004b Sugarbeet Research and Extension Reports. Vol. 35. Sugarbeet Res. and Ed. Bd. of MN and ND.

D. W. Franzen, T. Nanna, F. Casey, D. Ralston, J. Staricka, M. Halvorson, V. Hofman, J. Lamb, and A. Sims. 2005. Zone delineation for nitrogen management. p. 25-32. In Proceedings, North Central Extension-Industry Soil Fertility Conference.Vol. 21. 16-17 Nov., 2005, Des Moines, IA. Potash & Phosphate Institute, Brookings, SD.

Franzen, D.W. 2004. Flax fertility recommendation changes in North Dakota. p. 144-150. In Proceedings North Central Extension-Industry Soil Fertility Conference, Nov. 17-18, 2004, Des Moines, IA. Potash & Phosphate Institute, Brookings, SD.

Franzen, D.W. and T. Nanna. 2004. Delineating N management zones. In Proceedings of the 7th International Precision Agriculture Conference, July 26-28, 2004, Minneapolis, MN. Univ. of MN, St. Paul.

Franzen, D.W., G. Wagner, and A. Sims. 2004. Application of a ground-based sensor to determine N credits for sugarbeet. p. 119-123. In 2004 Sugarbeet Research and Extension Reports. Vol. 34. Sugarbeet Res.and Ed. Bd. of MN and ND.

Franzen, D.W. and T. Nanna. 2003. Comparison of nitrogen management zone delineation methods. p. 114-118. In Proceedings North Central Extension-Industry Soil Fertility Conference, Nov. 19-20, 2004, Des Moines, IA. Potash & Phosphate Institute, Brookings, SD.

Nanna, T. and D.W. Franzen. 2003. A weighted classified method for nitrogen zone delineation. p. 177-184. In Proceedings North Central Extension-Industry Soil Fertility Conference, Nov. 19-20, 2004, Des Moines, IA. Potash & Phosphate Institute, Brookings, SD.

Franzen, D.W., N. Cattanach, J. Giles, and M. Khan. 2003. Improvements in sugarbeet growth with amendments in sandy soils with a history of poor sugarbeet performance. p. 106-113. In 2002 Sugarbeet Research and Extension Reports. Vol. 32. Sugarbeet Research and Education Board of Minnesota and North Dakota.

Franzen, D.W. 2002. N management zones using a variety of delineation methods. p. 81-85. In 2002 Great Plains Soil Fertility Conference Proceedings, March 5-6, 2002, Denver, CO. Alan Schlegel, ed. Potash & Phosphate Institute, Brookings, SD.

Franzen, D.W. 2002. A case for the use of limestone in North Dakota. p. 139-144. In Proceedings North Central Extension Industry Soil Fertility Conference, Nov. 20-21, 2002, Des Moines, IA. Potash & Phosphate Institute, Brookings, SD.

Franzen, D.W. 2002. Wheat responses to copper and other micronutrients. In 2003 Manitoba-North Dakota Zero-Till Conference Proceedings.

Franzen, D.W., M. Khan, and D.H. Hopkins. 2002. Research into the causes of poor sugarbeet growth in some areas of the Red River Valley. p. 123-124. In 2001 Sugarbeet Research and Extension Reports. Vol. 32. Sugarbeet Research and Education Board of Minnesota and North Dakota.

Franzen, D.W., J.F. Giles, L.J. Reitmeier, A.J. Hapka, N.R. Cattanach, and A.C. Cattanach. 2002. Summary of Four Years of Research on Poor Quality Sugarbeets in a
Sugarbeet, Spring Wheat Potato Rotation. p. 152-173. In 2001 Sugarbeet Research and Extension Reports. Vol. 32. Sugarbeet Research and Education Board of Minnesota and North Dakota.

Franzen, D.W., J. Giles, A. Hapka, N. Cattanach, and A. Cattanach. 2001. Adjusting N recommendations based on a previously grown crop. p. 128-136. In Proceedings North Central Extension Industry Soil Fertility Conference, Nov. 2001, St. Louis, MO. Potash & Phosphate Institute, Brookings, SD.

V.L. Hofman, D.W. Franzen, and L. Disrud. 2001. Site-specific farming in western North Dakota. p. 38-43. In 2000 Research and Cropping Results, Area IV SCD/ARS Research Farm Seventeenth Annual Progress Report, January 24, 2001.

Franzen, D.W. 2001. Practical delineation and use of nutrient management zones. In Proceedings of the Info Ag Conference, Aug. 7-9, 2001, Indianapolis, IN. Potash & Phosphate Institute, Brookings, SD.

A.J. Hapka, D.W. Franzen, J.F. Giles, and N.R. Cattanach. 2001. Timing and release of nitrogen from residues. p. 122-126. In 2000 Sugarbeet Research and Extension Reports. Vol. 31. Sugarbeet Research and Education Board of Minnesota and North Dakota.

Franzen,D.W.,D.H. Hopkins, and M.Khan. 2001. Initial investigations of poor sugarbeet areas. p. 135-139. In 2000 Sugarbeet Research and Extension Reports. Vol. 31. Sugarbeet Research and Education Board of Minnesota and North Dakota.

Franzen, D.W., A.D. Halvorson, and V.L. Hofman. 2000. Management zones for soil N and P levels in the northern Great Plains. In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Precision Agriculture, P.C. Robert (ed.). July 16-19, 2000, Bloomington, MN. ASA-CSSA-SSSA, Madison, WI.

Franzen, D.W., A.J. Landgraff, J.F. Giles, N.R. Cattanach, and L.J. Reitmeier. 2000. Nitrogen availability, time of release and movement in rotations. p. 132-142. In Proceedings, North Central Extension-Industry Soil Fertility Conference, 15-16 November, 2000. St. Louis, MO. Potash & Phosphate Institute, Brookings, SD.

Franzen, D.W., A.D. Halvorson, and V.L. Hofman. 2000. Spatial nutrient relationships and profitability of variable-rate fertilizer application in a wheat and sunflower rotation. p. 88-93. In: 2000 Great Plains Soil Fertility Conference Proceedings, 7-8 March, 2000, Denver, CO. A. Schlegel, ed. P&PI, Brookings, SD.

Franzen, D.W. 2000. Soil fertility, micronutrients and wet soil. p. 83-84. In: Proceedings, 22nd Annual Manitoba-North Dakota Zero-Tillage Conference, 31 Jan., 1-2 Feb., 2000, Minot, ND.

Franzen, D.W., A.J. Landgraff, J.F. Giles, N.R. Cattanach, and L.J. Reitmeier. 2000. Nitrogen availability and movement within wheat fields following sugarbeets. p.117-126. In 1999 Sugarbeet Research and Extension Reports. Vol. 30. Sugarbeet Research and Education Board of Minnesota and North Dakota.

Franzen, D.W. 2000. Profitability of variable-rate N application to wheat following sugarbeet. p. 127-131. In 1999 Sugarbeet Research and Extension Reports. Vol. 30. Sugarbeet Research and Education Board of Minnesota and North Dakota.
Reitmeier, L.,

Franzen, D.W., L. Reitmeier, J.F. Giles, and A.C. Cattanach. 1999. Aerial Photography and Satellite Imagery to Detect Deep Soil Nitrogen Levels in Potato and Sugarbeet. p. 281-290. In Precision Agriculture, Proceedings of the 4th International Conference, 19-22 July, 1998. Part A. P.C. Robert et al., ed.ASA, CSSA, SSSA, Madison, WI.

Franzen, D.W., A.D. Halvorson, J. Krupinsky, V.L. Hofman, and L.J. Cihacek. 1999. p. 1559-1568. In Precision Agriculture, Proceedings of the 4th International Conference, 19-22 July, 1998. Part B. P.C. Robert et al., ed., ASA, CSSA, SSSA, Madison, WI.

Kitchen, N.R., C.J. Snyder, D.W. Franzen and W.J. Wiebold. 1999. Educational needs of precision agriculture. p. 1-9. In Symposium Proceedings, Teaching Precision Farming in Adult Outreach Settings. 91st Annual meetings, ASA, CSSA, SSSA, Salt Lake City, UT, Nov.3, 1999. ASA divisions A-1 and A-4.

Franzen, D.W., J.L. Richardson and R.K. Zollinger. 1999. Soybean chlorosis in North Dakota-Causes, severity and possible solutions. p. 26-33. In North Central Extension-Industry Soil Fertility Conference, St. Louis, MO, 17-18 Nov., 1999. Vol. 15, P&PI, Brookings, SD.

Franzen, D. 1999. Soil and plant testing for micronutrients. p. 87-92. In: Proceedings, 19 Annual Crop and Pest Management Short Course, 22-23 November, 1999, St. Paul, MN, Univ. of MN Extension Service, St. Paul, MN.

Franzen, D. 1999. Interaction of soybeans stressed from iron chlorosis and postemergence herbicides. In: Proceedings, 19 Annual Crop and Pest Management Short Course, 22-23 November, 1999, St. Paul, MN, Univ. of MN Extension Service, St. Paul, MN.

D.W. Franzen, J.F. Giles, A.C. Cattanach, and N.R. Cattanach. 1999. Nitrogen management in a wheat/potato/sugarbeet crop rotation. p. 125-134. In 1998 Sugarbeet Research and Extension Reports. Vol. 29. NDSU Ext. Serv. Fargo, ND.

Franzen, D.W. and V.L. Hofman. 1999. Summary of site-specific sampling research 1994-1998. p. 92-102. In 1998 Sugarbeet Research and Extension reports. Vol. 29. NDSU Ext. Serv. Fargo, ND.

Franzen, D.,V. Hofman, J. Krupinsky and A.Halvorson. 1998. Site-specific management update. p. 55-59. In 1997 Research and Cropping Results, 14th Annual Progress Report, USDA-ARS N. Great Plains Res. Lab., Feb. 25, 1998, Mandan, ND.

Franzen, D. , V. Hofman and A. Halvorson. 1998. Soil fertility and site- specific research at Area IV Research Farm.p. 184-190. In Proceedings of the 20th Annual Manitoba-North Dakota Zero Tillage Workshop. Feb. 2-4, 1998. L. Samson, ed. Minot, ND.

Franzen, D.W., A.D. Halvorson, V.L. Hofman, and L.J. Cihacek.. 1998. Spatial variability of soil pH, chloride and zinc levels. p. 28-33. In Proceedings of the Great Plains Soil Fertility Conference, March 3-4, 1998.A. Schlegel, ed. Potash & Phosphate Institute, Brookings, SD.

Franzen, D.W., A.D. Halvorson, V.L. Hofman, and L.J. Cihacek. 1998. Revealing fertility patterns with grids and directed sampling. p.9-17. In Proceedings of the Intensive Wheat Management Conference, March 4-5, 1998. Potash &Phosphate Institute, Brookings, SD.

Franzen, D.W. and M.V. McMullen. 1998. Spring wheat response to copper fertilization in North Dakota. p. 148-153. In Proceedings of the 28th North Central Extension-Industry Soil Fertility Conference, Nov. 11-12, 1998, St. Louis, MO. D.W. Franzen, ed. Potash & Phosphate Institute, Brookings, SD.

Franzen, D.. 1998. Non-grid soil sampling and fertilizing ideas. In Proceedings, 3rd Annual Precision Agriculture Conference, Brandon, MB, Nov. 18-19, 1999. G. Sallows, ed. Assiniboine College, Brandon, MB.

D. W. Franzen, A.D. Halvorson, and V.L. Hofman. 1998. Spatial variability of soil pH, chloride, and zinc levels. In: Proceedings of the Great Plains Soil Fertility Conference, March 3- 4, 1998. Denver, CO. P&PI, Brookings, SD.

D.W. Franzen. 1998. Site-specific farming-Topography vs. grid. In: Proceedings of the Intensive Wheat Management Conference, March 4-5, 1998, Denver, CO. P&PI, Brookings, SD.

D.W. Franzen, V.L. Hofman, and L.J. Cihacek. 1998. Revealing soil fertility patterns with directed sampling. p. 127-142. In: 1997 Sugarbeet Research and Extension Reports. Vol. 28. NDSU Ext. Serv., Fargo, ND.

L. Reitmeier, D. Franzen, J. Giles, A. Cattanach, and N. Cattanach. 1998. Sugarbeet yield and quality in a potato-sugarbeet rotation (preliminary results). Relationship of remote sensing with deep soil N levels in sugarbeets and potatoes. In: 1997 Sugarbeet Research and Extension Reports. Vol. 28. NDSU Ext. Serv., Fargo, ND.

Franzen, D.W. and D. Berglund. 1998. Small-scale spatial variability of soil N and P and implications with regard to sample core number. p. 143-153. In:1997 Sugarbeet Research and Extension Reports. Vol. 28. NDSU Ext. Serv., Fargo, ND

D.W. Franzen, V. Hofman, and A. Halvorson. 1998. Soil fertility and site-specific research at Area IV Research Farm. p. 194-190. In: Proceedings of the 20th Annual Manitoba- North Dakota Zero Tillage Workshop. Feb. 2-4, 1998. L. Samson, ed., Minot, ND

D. Franzen, V.L. Hofman, and L.J. Cihacek. 1997. Evidence for a relationship between soil nitrate-N and topography and comparison of topography and grid soil sampling for soil nutrients. p. 111-117. In: 1996 Sugarbeet Research and Extension Reports. Vol. 27. NDSU Ext. Serv., Fargo, ND.

A. Cattanach, D. Franzen, D. Bernhardson, and D. Braaten. 1997. Red River Valley site-specific nitrogen management. p. 92-97. In: 1996 Sugarbeet Research and Extension Reports. Vol. 27, NDSU Ext. Serv., Fargo, ND.

Franzen, D. and L. Smith. 1997. Mapping field soil fertility levels with sampling grids, topography and yield monitor data. p. 15. In: Proceedings of the 29th General Meeting of American Society of Sugar Beet Technologists. Phoenix, AZ, March 2-5, 1997.

Cattanach, A.and D. Franzen. 1997. Sugarbeet yield and quality using site-specific sampling and fertilization. p. 7. In: Proceedings of the 29th General Meeting of American Society of Sugar Beet Technologists. Phoenix, AZ, March 2-5, 1997.

D. Franzen, V. Hofman, and A. Halvorson. 1997. Precision farming project-Persistance of variability, grid vs. topography sampling and first year economic analysis. p. 52-66. In: 1996 Research and Cropping Results. Thirteenth Annual Progress Report. Feb. 19, 1997.

D.W. Franzen and R.K. Zollinger. 1997. Interaction of soil applied herbicides with soil pH. In: Proceedings of the North Central Extension-Industry Soil Fertility Conference, St. Louis, MO., Nov., 1997. G. Hergert, ed., P&PI, Brookings, SD.

D.W. Franzen, V.L. Hofman, and L.J. Cihacek. 1997. Revealing soil fertility patterns using directed sampling with topography as a logical basis. In: Proceedings of the North Central Extension-Industry Soil Fertility Conference, St. Louis, MO, Nov., 1997. G. Hergert, ed. P&PI, Brookings, SD.

D.W. Franzen. 1997. Revealing soil fertility patterns through directed sampling. In: Proceedings of the Future Farming Conference, Dec., 1997. Brandon, MB.

A. Cattanach, D. Franzen, H. Stanislowski, and L. Sax. 1996. Effect of grid soil testing and variable rate fertilizer application on sugarbeet yield and quality. In: 1995 Sugarbeet Reports. Vol. 26. p. 105-112. NDSU Ext. Serv., Fargo, ND.

Franzen, D.W., V.L. Hofman, and L.J. Cihacek. 1996. Variability of nitrate and phosphate in the Northern Great Plains. In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Precision Agriculture. P.C. Robert, ed. June 1996, Minneapolis, MN, ASA-CSSA-SSSA, Madison, WI.

D. W. Franzen, V.L.Hofman, A.D. Halvorson, and L.J. Cihacek. 1996. Sampling for site-specific farming:topography and nutrient considerations. Better Crops 80(3):14-17.

Franzen, D.W. and T.R. Peck. 1996. Grid or topography sampling-tools for precision farming. In: Proceedings, North Central Extension-Industry Soil Fertility Conference. Nov. 21- 22, 1996. P. Scharf, ed., P&PI, Brookings, SD.

Franzen, D.W., A.D. Halvorson, V.L. Hofman and L.J. Cihacek. 1996. Initial comments on site-specific management in North Dakota. p. 115-125. In: 1996 Great Plains Soil Fertility Conference, Denver, CO, March 5-6, 1996. J. Havlin, ed. Kansas St. Univ., Manhattan, KS.

Franzen, D.W., V.L. Hofman, and A. Halvorson. 1996. Soil fertility and site-specific farming study at Area IV Research Farm. p. 37-44. In: 1995 Research and Cropping Results, Twelfth Annual Progress Report. Feb. 14, 1996. Mandan, ND USDA-ARS Northern Great Plains Res. Lab. and Area IV SCD, Mandan, ND.

Franzen, D.W. 1996. Sampling and sensing in the Northern Great Plains. p. 15-16. In: Proceedings, 1996 Information Agriculture Conference. July 30-Aug. 1, 1996. Univ. of IL, Urbana, IL. P&PI, Norcross, GA.

A.C. Cattanach, L.J. Smith, and D.W. Franzen. 1996. Profitability of variable rate nitrogen application in sugarbeet. In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Precision Agriculture. P.C. Robert, ed. June, 1996, Minneapolis, MN. ASA-CSSA-SSSA, Madison, WI.

D.W. Franzen and L.J. Swenson. 1996. Sampling research for precision farming. In: 1995 Sugarbeet Research and Extension Reports. Vol. 26, p. 129-134. NDSU Ext. Serv., Fargo, ND.

D. Franzen and M. McMullen. 1996. Effect of applied copper on wheat disease and severity. p. 392-393. In: 1997 Crop Production Guide. D. Berglund, ed. NDAA, Fargo, ND.

D. Franzen and J.L. Richardson. 1996. Soil factors influencing soybean iron chlorosis. p. 394-395. In: 1997 Crop Production Guide. D. Berglund, ed. NDAA, Fargo, ND. D. Franzen, B. Schatz, L. Swenson, B. Holder, and R. Severson. 1996. Dry bean response to inoculation and nitrogen rates. p. 396-398. In: 1997 Crop Production Guide. D. Berglund, ed. NDAA, Fargo, ND.

D. Franzen and V. Hofman. 1996. Grid sampling or topography sampling for soil nutrients. p. 399-401. In: 1997 Crop Production Guide. D. Berglund, ed. NDAA, Fargo, ND.

Franzen, D.W. and L.J. Swenson. 1995. North Dakota Precision Farming Research. p. 22-27. In Proceedings, North Central Extension-Industry Conference, St. Louis, MO. Nov. 15-16,1995. G. Rehm, ed. Univ. of MN, St. Paul, MN.

Franzen, D.W. and T.R. Peck. 1995. Chapter 38. pp. 535-551. Sampling for Site-Specific Application. In: Site-Specific Management for Agricultural Systems. P. Robert et al., (ed.). ASA- CSSA-SSSA, Madison, WI.